Text Citations
A typical in-text citation is composed of the author's name and page number (54).
One author: The citation for a paraphrased idea should be placed as close as possible after the borrowed container, at a natural pause in your sentence, so the flow is not disrupted (57). Ex: (Baron 194)
No author: If the the author is anonymous or an organization, your in-text citation contains the title, in entirety within the text or abbreviated before the page number in parenthesis (56). Ex: (Reading 3).
Multiple authors:
Two authors: Include both last names in the in-text citation, connected by and (116). Ex: (Dorris and Erdrich 23)
Three or more authors: The in-text citation begins with the first author's name followed by et al. (116). Ex: (Burdick et al. 42)
Works Cited
Format the Works Cited list so that the second and subsequent lines of each entry are indented half an inch from the left margin.
Book (111):
Last name, First name. Title of Book. Publisher, Publication Date.
Ex:
Gillespie, Paula, and Neal Lerner. The Allyn and Bacon Guide to Peer Tutoring. Allyn and Bacon, 2000.
Web page (167,195):
Last name, First name. "Title of source." Title of container, Other contributors, Publisher, Year, URL. Date of access.
Ex:
California Department of Fish and Game. "Coho Salmon." Fisheries Branch, 2017, https://www.wildlife .ca.gov/Conservation/Fishes/Coho-Salmon. Accessed 20 June 2018.
Journal article
Author(s). "Title of Article." Title of Journal, Volume, Issue, Year, pages.
Example of print article (178):
Hetherington, Jaclyn A. and Janet M. Stoppard. “The Theme of Disconnection in Adolescent Girls’ Understanding of Depression.” Journal of Adolescence, Vol. 25, no. 6, 2002, pp. 619-629.
Example of article from an online database (194):
Bockelman, Brian. "Buenos Aires Boheme: Argentina and the Transatlantic Bohemian Renaissance, 1890-1910." Modernism/Modernity, vol.23, no.1, Jan. 2016, pp.37-63. Project Muse, https://doi.org/10.1353/mod.2016.0011.
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Text Citations
For most works, appropriate credit takes the form of an author-date citation (p. 255). In this system, each work used in a paper has two parts: an in-text citation and a corresponding reference list entry (p. 261).
One author: In an in-text citation, provide the surname(s) of the author(s) or the name(s) of the group author(s) (p. 262). Ex: (Taylor, 2004)
No author: For works with an unknown author, include the title and year of publication in the in-text citation (p. 264) Ex: (“Quest for Redemption,” 2007)
Multiple authors:
2 authors: List both authors when you cite the work (p. 265). Ex: (Wagner & Clarke, 1999)
3 to or more authors: Include the name of only the first author plus 'et al.' in every citation, including the first citation (p. 265). Ex: (Kern et al., 2003)
As an alternative to parenthetical citations, you can cite the source in your narrative, which allows you to incorporate the authors more closely into your discussion:
Ex: Taylor (1999) had a new theory that is important because it . . .
Ex. The reason that Wagner & Clark introduced their research in 1999 was that . . .
References
APA requires that the reference list be on a new page after the text, double-spaced and that entries have a hanging indent (p. 303).
eBook (p. 320):
Author, A. A. (Year). Title: Subtitle. Publisher Name. DOI or URL
Ex:
Christian, B., & Griffiths, T. (2016). Algorithms to live by: The computer science of human decisions. Henry Holt and Co. http://bit.ly/2G0BpbI
Web page (p. 350):
Author, A. A. (Year). Title of work. Site Name. https://xxxxxx
Ex:
Avramova, N. (2019). The secret to a long, happy, healthy life? Think age-positive. CNN. https://www.cnn.com/2019/01/03/health/respect-toward-elderly-leads-to-long-life-intl/index.html
Journal article with a DOI (p. 316):
Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Year). Title of article. Title of Periodical, Volume number(Issue number), Page numbers. https://doi.org/xxxx
Ex:
McCauley, S. M., & Christiansen, M. H. (2019). Language learning as language use: A cross-linguistic model of child language development. Psychological Review, 126(1),1-51. https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000126
Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association by Citation help using Credo Information Literacy Core!
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